System.Net.Mail Namespace
The System.Net.Mail namespace contains classes used to send
electronic mail to Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) server for delivery.
Classes
1.
MailAddress:
Represents the address of an electronic mail sender or recipient.
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Net.Mail.MailAddress
Constructors:
I.
MailAddress(String
emailAddress): Initializes a new instance of the MailAddress class using
the specified address.
2.
MailMessage:
Represents an e-mail message that can be sent using the SmtpClient
class.
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Net.Mail.MailMessage
Constructors:
I.
MailMessage():
Initializes an empty instance of the MailMessage class.
II.
MailMessage(MailAddress
from, MailAddress to):
Initializes a new instance of the MailMessage class by using the specified
MailAddress class objects.
Properties:
I.
AlternateViews:
Gets the attachment collection used to store alternate forms of the
message body.
II.
Attachments:
Gets the attachment collection to store data attached to this e-mail message.
III.
Bcc:
Gets the address collection that contains the blind carbon copy (BCC)
recipients for this e-mail message.
IV.
Body:
Gets or sets the message body.
V.
CC:
Gets the address collection that contains the carbon copy (CC) recipients for
this e-mail message.
VI.
From:
Gets or sets the from address for this e-mail message.
VII.
IsBodyHtml:
Gets or sets a value indicating whether the mail message body is in Html.
VIII.
Priority:
Gets or sets the priority of this e-mail message.
IX.
ReplyTo:
Obsolete. Gets or sets the ReplyTo address for the mail message.
X.
Sender:
Gets or sets the sender’s address for this e-mail message.
XI.
Subject:
Gets or sets the subject line for this e-mail message.
XII.
To:
Gets the address collection that contains the recipients of this e-mail
message.
3. Attachment: Represents an attachment to an
e-mail.
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Net.Mail.AttachmentBase
System.Net.Mail.Attachment
Constructors:
I.
Attachment(String
filename): Initializes a new instance of the Attachment class with the
specified content string.
Methods:
I.
CreateAttachmentFromString(String
filename, ContentType mimetype): Creates a mail attachment using the
content from the specified string, and the specified ContentType.
4.
LinkedResource:
Represents an embedded external resource in an email attachment, such as an
image in an HTML attachment.
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Net.Mail.AttachmentBase
System.Net.Mail.LinkedResource
Constructors:
I.
LinkedResource(String
filename): Initializes a new instance of LinkedResource using the
specified file name.
Properties:
I.
ContentId: Gets or Sets the MIME content ID for this
attachment.
II.
TransferEncoding: Gets or Sets the encoding of this attachment.
Methods:
I.
CreateLinkedResourceFromString(String
filename): Creates a LinkedResource object from a string to be included
in an email attachment as an embedded resource. The default media type is plain
text, and the default content type is ASCII.
5.
AlternateView:
Represents the format to view an email message.
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Net.Mail.AttachmentBase
System.Net.Mail.AlternateView
Constructors:
I.
AlternateView(String
filename, ContentType mimetype): Initializes a new instance of
AlternateView with the specified file name and content type.
Properties:
I.
ContentType: Gets the Content type of this attachment.
Methods:
I.
CreateAlternateViewFromString(String
filename): Creates a AlternateView of an email message using the
content specified in a String.
6.
SmtpClient:
Allows applications to send e-mail by using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
(SMTP).
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient
Constructors:
I.
SmtpClient():
Initializes a new instance of the SmtpClient class by using configuration file
settings.
II.
SmtpClient(String
smtpserver, Int32 port): Initializes a new instance of the SmtpClient
class that sends e-mail by using the specified SMTP server and port.
Properties:
I.
Credentials:
Gets or sets the credentials used to authenticate the sender.
II.
EnableSsl:
Specify whether the SmtpClient uses Secure Sockets Layer(SSL) to encrypt the
connection.
III.
Host:
Gets or sets the name or IP address of the host used for SMTP transactions.
IV.
Port:
Gets or sets the port used for SMTP transactions.
V.
UseDefaultCredentials:
Gets or sets a Boolean value that controls whether the DefaultCredentials are
sent with requests.
VI.
DeliveryMethod:
Specifies how outgoing email messages will be handled.
Methods:
I.
Send(MailMessage):
Sends the specified message to an SMTP server for delivery.
II.
Send(String
sender, String recipients, String subject, String message): Sends the
specified e-mail message to an SMTP server for delivery. The message sender,
recipients, subject, and message body are specified using String objects.
Events:
I.
SendCompleted:
Occurs when an asynchronous e-mail send operation completes.
7.
SmtpException:
Represents the exception that is thrown when the SmtpClient is not able to
complete a Send or SendAsync operation.
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Exception
System.Net.Mail.SmtpException
System.Net.Mail.SmtpFailedRecipientException
8.
SmtpFailedRecipientException:
Represents the eception that is thrown when the SmtpClient is not able to
complete a Send or SendAsync operation to a particular recipient.
Inheritance
Hierarchy:
System.Object
System.Exception
System.Net.Mail.SmtpException
System.Net.Mail.SmtpFailedRecipientException
System.Net.Mail.SmtpFailedRecipientsException
Enumerations:
1.
MailPriority:
Specifies the priority to the MailMessage
Members:
I.
Normal - The email has normal priority
II.
Low - The email has low priority
III.
High - The email has high priority
Web.config:
1. <smtp>: Configures the delivery method and from
address for sending mails.
Syntax: <smtp
deliveryMethod
= “method”
from
= “fromAddress”> </smtp>
2. <network>: Configures the network options for
external SMTP Server.
Syntax: <network
defaultCredentials
= “true | false”
enableSsl
= “true | false”
host
= “string”
password
= “string”
port
= “integer”
username
= “string” />
Example:
<configuration>
<system.net>
<mailSettings>
<smtp
deliveryMethod="Network"
from="from.address@gmail.com">
<network
defaultCredentials="false"
host="smtp.gmail.com"
port="587"
enableSsl="true"
userName="from.address@gmail.com"
password="password"/>
</smtp>
</mailSettings>
</system.net>
</configuration>
Sample SMTP
Server Settings:
1. Gmail:
Host
|
smtp.gmail.com
|
Port
|
587
|
2. Yahoo:
Host
|
smtp.mail.yahoo.com
|
Port
|
995
|
Example:
Default.aspx
<%@ Page
Language="C#"
AutoEventWireup="true"
CodeBehind="Default.aspx.cs"
Inherits="SmtpClientWithoutWebConfig._Default"
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD
XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
Click the button to send the mail...
<asp:Button Text="Send EMail" runat="server" ID="btnSendEMail"
onclick="btnSendEMail_Click" />
<br />
<br />
<asp:Label ID="lblMsg" runat="server"></asp:Label>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Default.aspx.cs
using System;
using
System.Collections.Generic;
using
System.Linq;
using
System.Web;
using
System.Web.UI;
using
System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using
System.Net;
using
System.Net.Mail;
namespace
SmtpClientWithoutWebConfig
{
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected
void Page_Load(object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected
void btnSendEMail_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SendEMail();
}
protected
void SendEMail()
{
//
declaring the email addresses...
// from
email address
MailAddress
fromAddress = new MailAddress("from.address@gmail.com");
// to
email address
MailAddress
toAddress = new MailAddress("to.address@gmail.com");
// bcc
email address
MailAddress
bccAddress = new MailAddress("bcc.address@gmail.com");
// cc
email address
MailAddress
ccAddress = new MailAddress("cc.address@gmail.com");
//
declaring the attachments...
Attachment
simpleAttachment = new Attachment(@"F:\SA.txt");
//
declaring the linked resources...
LinkedResource
simpleLinkedResource = new LinkedResource(@"F:\Desert.jpg");
simpleLinkedResource.ContentId = "DesertImage";
simpleLinkedResource.TransferEncoding = System.Net.Mime.TransferEncoding.Base64;
//
declaring the alternate views...
string
strHtmlView = "<img src=cid:DesertImage
height='200' width='200' /><br /><b>Hai...This mail is sent
using C#</b>";
AlternateView
htmlView = AlternateView.CreateAlternateViewFromString(strHtmlView);
htmlView.ContentType = new System.Net.Mime.ContentType("text/html");
htmlView.LinkedResources.Add(simpleLinkedResource);
//
declaring the mail message...
MailMessage
msg = new MailMessage();
msg.From = fromAddress;
msg.To.Add(toAddress);
msg.Bcc.Add(bccAddress);
msg.CC.Add(ccAddress);
msg.Subject = "Simple Mail";
msg.AlternateViews.Add(htmlView);
msg.Attachments.Add(simpleAttachment);
msg.IsBodyHtml = true;
msg.Priority = MailPriority.High;
msg.Body = "Hai...This
mail is sent using C#";
//
setting up the smtpclient and sending the mail...
SmtpClient
sc = new SmtpClient();
sc.Host = "smtp.gmail.com";
sc.Port = 587;
sc.EnableSsl = true;
sc.UseDefaultCredentials = false;
sc.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(fromAddress.Address,
"password");
sc.DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.Network;
// now
sending the mail...
sc.Send(msg);
lblMsg.Text = "Mail successfully sent to: " +
toAddress.Address;
}
}
}
